Syllabus
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Course Code: CHEM103 Course Name: Organic Chemistry-I |
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| MODULE NO / UNIT | COURSE SYLLABUS CONTENTS OF MODULE | NOTES |
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| 1 | Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry Structure and Bonding: Localized and delocalized chemical bond, Van der Waals interactions, resonance: conditions, resonance effect and its applications, hyperconjugation, inductive effect, Electromeric effect & their comparison. Mechanism of Organic Reactions:Curved arrow notation, drawing electron movements with arrows, half-headed and double-headed arrows, homolytic and heterolytic bond breaking. Types of reagents– electrophiles and nucleophiles.Types of organic reactions (Substitution, Addition, Elimination, Rearrangement etc.). Reactive intermediates: Carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes (structure & stability). Strength of organic acids and bases: Comparative study with emphasis on factors affecting pK values. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds Concept of isomerism: Types of isomerism, Optical isomerism, elements of symmetry, molecular chirality, enantiomers, stereogeniccentre, optical activity, properties of enantiomers, chiral and achiral molecules with two stereogeniccentres, diastereomers and meso compounds (tartaric acid and 2,3-dichlorobutane), threo- and erythro-diastereomers (Erythrose, Threose, 2,3-dichlorobutane), resolution of enantiomers, Relative and absolute configuration, CIP rules, R & S nomenclature. Geometric isomerism: Configuration of geometric isomers. Cis-Trans and E & Z nomenclature, Conformational isomerism: conformational analysis of ethane and n-butane; chair, boat, half chair and twist boat conformations of cyclohexane (interconversions and energy level diagram). Interconversions of Newman projection and Sawhorse formulae, Wedge Formula and Fischer representations (Erythrose, Threose and Tartaric acid), Difference between configuration and conformation. |
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| 2 | Alkanes and Cycloalkanes IUPAC nomenclature of branched and unbranched alkanes, classification of carbon atoms in alkanes. Isomerism in alkanes, sources, methods of formation: Wurtz reaction, Kolbe reaction, Corey-House reaction and decarboxylation of carboxylic acids, physical properties. Mechanism of free radical halogenation of alkanes: reactivity and selectivity. Nomenclature, Baeyer's strain theory and its limitations, theory of strainless rings. Alkenes and Dienes: Nomenclature of alkenes, mechanisms of dehydration of alcohols and dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halide.The Saytzeff rule, Hofmann elimination, physical properties and relative stabilities of alkenes. Chemical reactions of alkenes, mechanisms involved in halogenations and halohydrogenation, electrophilic and free radical additions, Markownikoff’s rule, hydroboration–oxidation, oxymercuration, reduction, ozonolysis, hydration, hydroxylation and oxidation with KMnO4. Nomenclature and classification of dienes: isolated, conjugated and cumulated dienes. Structure of butadiene. Chemical reactions: 1,2 and 1,4 additions (Electrophilic & free radical mechanism), Diels-Alder reaction (effects of substituent excluded) Alkynes: Nomenclature, structure and bonding in alkynes. Methods of formation.Chemical reactions of alkynes, acidity of alkynes.Mechanism of electrophilic and nucleophilic addition reactions, hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes. |
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