KUK - LMS

Syllabus

MODULE NO / UNIT	COURSE SYLLABUS CONTENTS OF MODULE	NOTES
Course Code: PHY 305 Course Name: Physics Laboratory-III
1	Course Outcomes (COs) After successful completion of the course on Physics Laboratory-III (Condensed Matter Physics), a student will be able to: PHY305.1 Measure the variation in potential drop with temperature for a semiconductor using the four probe method, and use it to determine the band gap of semiconductor. PHY305.2 Establish the type of semiconductor by measuring the Hall coefficient, explore temperature dependence of Hall coefficient, and measure the magneto-resistance. PHY305.3 Ascertain the magnetic nature of a given material by measuring its magnetic susceptibility. PHY305.4 Observe the electron paramagnetic resonance phenomenon and use it to determine the Lande g-factor. PHY305.5 Understand the change in magnetization of ferrites with heating by tracing the B-H loops, and determine the Curie temperature. PHY305.6 Record and analyze the XRD pattern of a crystalline substance using a table-top X-ray diffractometer, and find the lattice parameter and Miller indices. PHY305.7 Simulate the dispersion of lattice vibrations using an electrical analogue of real lattice. PHY305.8 Learn and measure the characteristics of a thermo-luminescent material. List of experiments2 C1 Band Gap of a given semiconductor material using Four-Probe method. C2 Study of Hall effect for a bulk semiconducting material. C3 Temperature dependence of Hall coefficient. C4 Dispersion of lattice vibrations using electrical analogue of real lattice. C5 Magnetic susceptibility of hydrated copper sulfate. C6 Lattice parameter and Miller Indices using XRD. C7 Transition temperature of ferrites. C8 Study of the phenomenon of magneto-resistance. C9 Electron paramagnetic resonance experiment. C10 Thermo-luminescence studies. C11 High temperature superconductivity experiment. C12 Dielectric constant of benzene and dipole moment of acetone.
2	Nuclear Physics Course Outcomes (COs) After successful completion of the course on Physics Laboratory-III (Nuclear Physics), a student will be able to: PHY305.1 Understand the working of GM Counter and measure its resolving time and hence determine the nuclear statistics of source and thickness of given sample. PHY305.2 Measure the resolving power and efficiency of scintillation detector PHY305.3 Ascertain range of alpha particles in air using Spark Counter. PHY305.4 Understand the concept of signal to noise ratio and solid angle in nuclear experiments. PHY305.5 Understand the working of alpha ray spectrometer. PHY305.6 Realize the particle nature of radiation through Compton scattering experiment. PHY305.7 Observe large angle scattering of alpha particles and analyze the data. PHY305.8 Calculate wavelength for the characteristic Kα and Kβ x-ray radiation of molybdenum using the data obtained from a table-top X-ray diffractometer. List of experiments2 N1 χ2- Statistics using G. M. Counter. N2 Range of alpha particles in air using Spark Counter. N3 Resolving Time of G. M. Counter set-up. N4 R Signal to noise ratio using Scintillation detector. N5 (a) Thickness of Al Sheet using G. M. Counter. (b) Gamma Ray Absorption Experiment. N6 Study of Energy Resolution of Gamma Ray Detector as a function of Eγ. N7 Efficiency Determination of NaI (Tl) Detector. N8 Study of Alpha-Spectrometer. N9 Compton Scattering Experiment. N10 Rutherford Back Scattering Experiment. N11 Finding the wavelength for the characteristic Kα and Kβ x-ray radiation of molybdenum using XRD. N12 Solid angle dependence of nuclear counting.
3	Particle Physics After successful completion of the course on Physics Laboratory-III (Particle Physics) a student will be able to: PHY305.1 Learn and realize the concept of high energy (GeV) interaction and production of field particles PHY305.2 Understand the mechanism of nuclear emulsion as a detector and target both. PHY305.3 Learn the concept of internuclear cascading, concept of slow and fast reaction involve in the high energy interaction PHY305.4 Analyze the various interaction parameters qualitatively as well as quantitatively. PHY305.5 Mechanism of energy transfer of incident ion in material medium. PHY305.6 Learn aspects in radiation exposure to material for the preparation of SSNTD. PHY305.7 Understand etching mechanism and statistics involve in nuclear charge particle interaction with material medium. PHY305.8 Understand the relativistic kinematics in high energy interaction. List of experiments2 PP1 Angular distribution of shower tracks. PP2 Mean Multiplicity of shower, grey and black tracks. PP3 In-elasticity of an interaction for shower particles. PP4 Momentum distribution of shower particles. PP5 Classification of Nuclear Interaction Star Tracks and Determination of Excitation energy. PP6 Nuclear Statistics using Solid State Nuclear Track Detector. PP7 To determine the mean free path for relativistic nucleus-nucleus interactions. PP8 To determine fusion to alpha branching ratio in spontaneous emission of 252Cf. PP9 Relativistic Kinematics. PP10 Exposure and etching of polymeric sample for the preparation of Solid State Nuclear Track Detector (SSNTD).
4	Computational Physics Course Outcomes (COs) After successful completion of the course on Physics Laboratory-III (Computational Physics), a student will be able to: PHY305.1 Develop FORTRAN programs to evaluate definite integrals by employing Simpson and Gauss quadrature methods. PHY305.2 Write FORTRAN programs for interpolation and extrapolation by Lagrangian method and curve fitting through least square method. PHY305.3 Construct FORTRAN program to solve second order differential equations using Runge-Kutta method and apply the program to find Eigenvalues and eigen functions of a linear harmonic oscillator. PHY305.4 Develop FORTRAN programs to find roots of an equation of degree 1, 2 and 3 by using Bisection method. PHY305.5 Write FORTAN program to solve set of Simultaneous Linear Algebraic equations by Gauss-Jordan elimination method and Illustrate Kirchhoff’s laws for simple electric circuits. PHY305.6 Develop FORTRAN program to find eigenvalues and eigenvectors of square matrices using power method. PHY305.7 Simulate the process of nuclear radioactivity through Monte Carto method by developing a FORTRAN program. PHY305.8 Simulate the chaotic phenomena like damped and driven oscillator and logistic equation through FORTRAN programs. List of experiments2 CP1 Numerical Integration using (a) Simpson 1/3 and (b) Gauss quadrature methods for one and two-dimensional integrals. Application: Show that the function f(x)=n/π 1/(1+n^2 x^2 ) behaves like the Dirac delta function for large n. CP2 Least Square fitting (Linear). CP3 Solution of second-order differential equation using Runge-Kutta method. Application: Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of a linear harmonic oscillator using Runge-Kutta method. CP4 To find roots of an equation of degree 1, 2 and 3 by using Bisection method. CP5 Solution of Simultaneous Linear Algebraic equations by Gauss-Jordan elimination method. Application: Illustration of Kirchhoff’s laws for simple electric circuits. CP6 Interpretation and Extrapolation by using Lagrangian method. CP7 Finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors of square matrices. CP8 Simulation of Nuclear Radioactivity by Monte Carlo Technique. CP9 Dynamics of logistic equations. CP10 Dynamics of damped driven pendulum
5	Electronics Course Outcomes (COs) After successful completion of the course on Physics Laboratory-III (Electronics), a student will be able to PHY305.1 Draw and understand the effect of negative feedbacks on frequency response of a RC-coupled amplifier. PHY305.2 Design and measure h-parameters of an amplifier and pulse width of a mono-stable multivibrator circuit. PHY305.3 Design and draw V-I characteristics of a FET and determine its important parameters. PHY305.4 Design and verify truth tables of the 8 bits D/A and A/D converters. PHY305.5 Design and understand the operations of ripple counter, 4 bit shift resistor, various flip-flops and the Schmitt trigger circuit. PHY305.6 Measure the important parameters of an OPAMP. PHY305.7 Design different OPAMP based circuits for various practical applications. PHY305.8 Understand the operation of 8085 microprocessor and its arithmetic applications. List of experiments2 E1 Negative feedback Amplifiers: Measurement of gain vs. frequency E2 Determination of h-parameters of transistor E3 Monostable Multivibrator: Measurement of pulse width for various time constants E4 To study Ripple Counter E5 To study Schmitt Trigger using transistor and OPAMP E6 FET: Study of static drain characteristics and calculations of various parameters E7 To study 4 bit Shift Register E8 Flip-Flops: RS, Choked RS, JK, Master slave JK, D and T types E9 OPAMP-I: Measurement of various parameters E10 OPAMP-II: Applications as Adder, Subtracter, differentiator, integrator and voltage follower E11 To study 8085 Microprocessor and its applications E12 8 bit A/D converter: Verification of truth table E13 8 bit D/A converter: Verification of truth table
6	Material Science After successful completion of the course on Physics Laboratory-III (Material Science), a student will be able to: PHY305.1 Understand four probe method for determining band gap of materials and use it to compute band gap of semiconductor material by measuring the variation in potential drop with temperature. PHY305.2 Comprehend the concept of Hall Effect and magnetoresistance. Measure Hall coefficient and establish the type of semiconductor and measure the magneto-resistance. PHY305.3 Have understanding of X-ray diffractometer and use it to record and analyze the XRD pattern of a crystalline substance using it. Further use of this technique to compute lattice parameter and Miller indices. PHY305.4 Ascertain the magnetic nature of a given material by measuring its magnetic susceptibility. PHY305.5 Understand dielectric materials and measure dielectric constant of given material. PHY305.6 Grasp the concept of ferroelectricity and study the variation of dielectric constant with temperature for given ferroelectric material. PHY305.7 Learn about solar cell and measure its I-V characteristics.. PHY305.8 Learn and measure the characteristics of a thermo-luminescent material. List of experiments2 M1 Band Gap of a given semiconductor material using Four-Probe method. M2 Study of Hall effect. M3 Lattice parameter and Miller Indices using XRD. M4 Determination of particle size and lattice strain using XRD. M5 Magnetic susceptibility of hydrated copper sulfate. M6 Dielectric constant of a given material. M7 Solar cell characteristics. M8 Transition temperature of a ferroelectric material. M9 Study of the phenomenon of magneto-resistance. M10 Estimation of effect of sun tracking on energy generation by solar PV module. M11 Thermo-luminescence studies. M12 High temperature superconductivity experiment.