Syllabus
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Course Code: CHEM 303 Course Name: Organic Chemistry General |
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| MODULE NO / UNIT | COURSE SYLLABUS CONTENTS OF MODULE | NOTES |
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| 1 | Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy Introduction and understanding of UV phenomenon, Various electronic transitions (185-800 nm), Beer-Lambert law, effect of solvent on electronic transitions, ultraviolet bands for carbonyl compounds, unsaturated carbonyl compounds, dienes, conjugated polyenes. Fieser-Woodward rules for conjugated dienes and carbonyl compounds. Mass Spectrometry Introduction, ion production - EI, CI, FD and FAB, Mass spectral fragmentation of organic compounds, common functional groups, molecular ion peak, metastable peak, Nitrogen rule, molecular weight determination molecular formula from isotopic ratio data, isotope profile of halogen compounds, fragmentation pattern - simple cleavage, retro-Diels Alder, Hydrogen transfer rearrangement like scrambling, ortho effect, McLafferty rearrangement, fragmentation patterns of hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, esters, carboxylic acids, amines, nitro, amides, nitriles. |
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| 2 | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy General introduction and definition, chemical shift, spin-spin interaction, shielding mechanism, mechanism of measurement, chemical shift values and correlation for protons bonded to carbon (aliphatic, olefinic, aldehydic and aromatic) and other nuclei (alcohols, phenols, enols, carboxylic acids, amines, amides & mercapto), complex spin-spin interaction between two, three, four and five nuclei (first order spectra), spin system-Pople notation, virtual coupling. Stereochemistry, concept of topicity, effect of enantiomeric and diastereomeric protons, hindered rotation, Karplus curve - variation of coupling constant with dihedral angle. Fourier transform technique and its advantages. Resonance of other nuclei-F, P. Tools for simplification of complex NMR spectrum (chemical and instrumental):-Deuteration, changing solvent, trifluoroacetylation, basification and acidification, lanthanide shift reagents, increased magnetic field strength, double resonance and nuclear overhauser effect (NOE), variable temperature probe. Concept of 2D-NMR spectroscopy. |
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| 3 | Carbon-13 NMR Spectroscopy General considerations, Comparison of 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR, Proton coupled and proton decoupled 13C-NMR, chemical shift (aliphatic, olefinic, alkyne, aromatic, heteroaromatic and carbonyl carbon), coupling constants. Nuclear Overhauser effect. Infrared Spectroscopy Principle and Theory, Characteristic vibrational frequencies of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic compounds, alcohols, ethers, phenols and amines. Detailed study of vibrational frequencies of carbonyl compounds (ketones, aldehydes, esters, amides, acids, anhydrides, lactones, lactams and conjugated carbonyl compounds). Effect of hydrogen bonding and solvent effect on vibrational frequencies, overtones, combination bands and Fermi resonance. FT-IR. Composite Problems Problems involving the application of the above spectroscopic techniques (UV/Visible, IR, NMR and Mass) for structural elucidation of organic molecules. |
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