Syllabus
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Course Code: CHEM 103 Course Name: Organic Chemistry-I |
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| MODULE NO / UNIT | COURSE SYLLABUS CONTENTS OF MODULE | NOTES |
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| 1 | Reaction Mechanism: Structure and Reactivity Types of mechanisms, types of reactions, thermodynamic and kinetic requirements, effect of structure on reactivity - resonance and field effects, steric effect, quantitative treatment-The Hammett equation and linear free energy relationship, substituent and reaction constants and Taft equation. Kinetic and thermodynamic control, Hammond's postulate, Curtin-Hammett principle. Potential energy diagrams, transition states and intermediates, methods of determining reaction mechanisms. Generation, structure, stability and reactivity of carbocations, carbanions, carbenes and nitrenes. |
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| 2 | Mechanism of Nucleophilic Aliphatic Substitution The limiting cases SN1 and SN2, detailed mechanistic description and borderline mechanisms, nucleophilicity and solvent effects, competition between nucleophilicity and basicity, ambident nucleophiles, hard and soft nucleophiles and electrophiles, leaving group effects, steric and other substituent effects on substitution and ionization rates, stereochemistry of nucleophilic substitution. SNi, SN1', SN2' and SNi' mechanisms. Mechanism of Elimination Reactions The El, ElcB and E2 mechanisms, Orientation Effects in Elimination Reactions, Saytzeff and Hoffman rules, Stereochemistry of E2 Elimination Reaction and Eclipsing Effects in E2 Eliminations. Dehydration of Alcohols, Elimination not involving C-H Bonds, Pyrolytic eliminations. |
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| 3 | Stereochemistry-I Symmetry elements, D-L, R-S, E-Z and threo-erythro nomenclature, interconversion of Fischer, Newman, Sawhorse and flying wedge formulae. conformational analysis, enantiomerism and diastereomerism of simple, cyclic (chair and boat configuration) and acyclic systems. Axial and planer chirality, optical isomerism in allenes, biphenyls (atropoisomerism), spiranes, hemispiranes. Elementary ideas about stereochemistry of tertiary amines, quaternary salts, sulphur and phosphorous compounds. |
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| 4 | Stereochemistry –II Topicity of ligands and faces, their nomenclature and prostereoisomerism, stereogenecity, chirogenicity, pseudoasymmetry and prochiral centre. stereospecific and stereoselective reaction.Elementary idea of principle categories of asymmetric synthesis, Cram’s rule and its modification, Prelog rule and horeaus rule. Stereochemistry of sugars- C1 and 1C conformations of hexoses, c2’-endo and c3’-endo conformation of pentoses, homomorphous sugars, abnormal mutarotation and △ -2 instability factor. Stereochemistry of decalins, Chemical correlation of configuration-determination of relative configuration of 2-butanol, isoserine, alanine, malic acid, lactic acid and mandelic acid. |
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