Syllabus
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Course Code: FND-202 Course Name: Advanced Nutritional Biochemistry-II |
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| MODULE NO / UNIT | COURSE SYLLABUS CONTENTS OF MODULE | NOTES |
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| 1 | 1. METABOLISM OF CARBOHYDRATES*- Review of glycolysis, fate of pyruvate: alcoholic and homolactic fermentation,Pasteur effect, Cori cycle, Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and its regulation; Reactions, regulation and amphibolic nature of TCA Cycle; Anaplerotic reactions, Hexose monophosphate shunt, Biosynthesis of lactose and sucrose, glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, glyoxalate cycle. Regulation of blood glucose level. 2. AMINO ACID METABOLISM*- Transamination, deamination and decarboxylation reactions; Role of glutamine in ammonia transport; Glucose-Alanine Cycle, urea cycle, amino acids as biosynthetic precursors- biosynthesis of heme, biologically active amines and glutathione. |
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| 2 | 3. LIPID METABOLISM*- Beta-oxidation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (including brief account of minor pathways of fatty acid oxidation, de novo synthesis of fatty acids, biosynthesis and breakdown of cholesterol, triacylglycerols, Phospholipids, ketone body formation and their utilization, Formation of prostaglandins, prostacyclins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes from arachidonic acid.
4. BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION*- Electron transport chain (ETC): components, operation and inhibitors of electron transport chain, oxidative phosphorylation and its mechanism, P/O and P/H ratio, uncouplers. |
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| 3 | 5. NUCLEOTIDE METABOLISM AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY - Biosynthesis and breakdown of purines and pyrimidines, DNA replication, transcription, translation (prokaryotes & eukaryotes),regulation of gene expression (Prokaryotes), mutagenesis and DNA repair, recombinant DNA technology and genetically modified foods, nutritional regulation of gene expression. 6. DETOXIFICATION- Metabolism of xenobiotics. |
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| 4 | 7. ENZYMOLOGY- Mechanism of enzyme action (acid base catalysis, covalent catalysis, metal ion catalysis, electrostatic catalysis, proximity and orientation effect, preferential binding of the transition state complex, strain and distortion theory) Enzyme inhibition – irreversible(non-competitive, uncompetitive), reversible(competitive), feedback and product inhibition, regulation of enzyme activity by covalent modification, allosteric modification, isoenzymes, Ribozyme and Abzyme, applications of enzymes in medicine and food industry 8. BIOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES- Chromatography- Column, Thin layer, Paper, Ion exchange, Affinity, Molecular exclusion, GLC and HPLC. Electrophoresis- cellulose acetate and gel electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing. Spectrophotometry- Bear Lambert’s Law, determination and application of extinction coefficient. Centrifugation- sedimentation velocity and analytical methods, ultracentrifugation. Immunochemical Methods – RIA, ELISA. Uses of Isotopes in biochemistry. |
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