KUK - LMS

Syllabus

MODULE NO / UNIT	COURSE SYLLABUS CONTENTS OF MODULE	NOTES
Course Code: BT-102 Course Name: Microbiology
1	Various branches and Applications of Microbiology, History and contributions of various scientists to this science with particular reference to the contribution of the following scientists- A. V. Leeuwenhoek, Louis Pasteur, Edward Jenner, Robert Koch, Alexander Fleming and Joseph Lister. Spontaneous generation versus biogenesis. Distinguishing features of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial cells, Morphology and arrangement of bacterial cells, Bacterial- flagella, fimbriae, capsule, spores and cysts, cell walls of Gram +ve and Gram –ve bacteria, Nutritional requirements and nutritional categories of microorganisms, Influence of environmental factors on microbial growth (temperature, oxygen concentration, pH, pressure, solute, light, radiations), Enrichment culture techniques for isolation of microorganisms, pure culture techniques and preservation techniques, study of growth curve, Quantitative measurement of growth.
2	Distinguishing features of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, algae; Introduction to Microbial Classification and Taxonomy, Taxonomic ranks, Various approaches for identification of microorganisms including molecular approaches; Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria of medical and industrial importance; Characteristics of Mycobacterium and Mycoplasmas; photosynthetic prokaryotes (purple bacteria, green bacteria, cyanobacteria) and actinomycetes; brief account of different types of viruses with special reference to lambda phage, herpes, adenoviruses and retroviruses; viriods and prions; fungi and algae of industrial importance.
3	Sterilization methods- dry heat, moist heat, radiations, filtration, and gaseous sterilization. Validation of sterilization processes; Factors affecting antimicrobial action, Mode of action of antimicrobial agents, Antibiotics and their mode of action, Microbiological assay of antibiotics (ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline etc.), characteristics of an ideal antimicrobial chemical agent, Disinfectants and techniques to evaluate the potency of antimicrobial chemical agents, Types of toxins and their mode of action.
4	Microbial ecology: Biogeochemical cycles (carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, phosphorous cycle, sulphur cycle); Physical environment: Microenvironment & Niche, Microorganisms and ecosystems. Soil microbiology: Types & functions of microorganisms in soil. Microorganism associations with vascular plants (Mycorrhizae, Rhizobia), Microbial spoilage of foods. Methods to control food spoilage, Food borne diseases. Microbiology of fermented foods.