Syllabus
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Course Code: BT-101 Course Name: Biomolecules |
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| MODULE NO / UNIT | COURSE SYLLABUS CONTENTS OF MODULE | NOTES |
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| 1 | Water: Structure, hydrogen bonding, as a biological solvent, ionization and fitness of the aqueous environment for living organisms; pH; Buffers; an introduction to physiological buffers. Carbohydrates: Structure, occurrence and biological importance of important monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides; carbohydrate of Industrial importance (cane sugar, starch, gum arabica, pectin, cellulose); Glycosaminoglycans; Proteoglycans. |
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| 2 | Amino acids and Proteins: Common structural features, classification by R group, Zwitter ion structures, acid-base properties and titration curves of amino acids; Essential amino acids; biologically active peptides; Classification and different structural levels (Primary, secondary, tertiary & quaternary) of proteins; Ramachandran plot. Basic introduction to terms: domains, motifs, prion protein. Determination of amino acid sequences of proteins; Effect of amino acid sequence on the function of a protein and stability, Chemical synthesis of polypeptides. |
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| 3 | Lipids: Classification, structures, nomenclature of fatty acids; Essential fatty acids; Acylglycerols; Characterization of fats-Saponification value, iodine number, rancidity, acid value; Structure and properties of phospholipids and sphingolipids (sphingomyelins, cerebrosides & gangliosides); Structure and functions of prostaglandins, Prostacyclins, Thromboxanes, Leukotrienes and Sterols. | |
| 4 | Nucleic Acids: Structure and properties of purines and pyrimidine bases; Nucleosides and Nucleotides; Biologically important nucleotides; Nucleic acids as the genetic material – experimental evidences; Chargaff’s rules; The covalent backbone of nucleic acids; Double helical model of DNA structure; Structural polymorphism of DNA (A, B and Z-DNA) and RNA; Denaturation & annealing of DNA; Biological functions of nucleotides; Chemical synthesis of oligonucleotides. | |
