Syllabus
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Course Code: MMB-104 Course Name: Microbial Physiology Metabolism & Biochemistry |
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| MODULE NO / UNIT | COURSE SYLLABUS CONTENTS OF MODULE | NOTES |
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| 1 | Growth and cell division: Bacterial growth and its measurement, growth curve,growth physiology, Factors affecting growth, Batch, continuous, synchronous and diauxic growth., growth yields, growth kinetics, cell division Modes of reproduction. Cultivation of microorganisms. Cell differentiation and sporulation in Bacillus. Reserve food material, polyβ hydroxyl butyrate, poly phosphate granules, sulphur inclusions, cyanophycin granules, cell cycles and its control. Solute Transport: Introduction, passive, facilitated, active transport, kinetics. Membrane transport proteins: porins and aquaporins, mechanosensitive channels, ABC transporter, group translocation PEP-PTS system, inducer exclusion and expulsion. Physiological Adaptation and Intracellular signaling: Introduction to two component system. Response to physiological stress: aerobic-anaerobic shifts- Arc and Fnr system, osmotic homeostasis. Response to nutritional stress: phosphate supply- Pho regulon, and stringent response. Bioluminescence in bacteria. |
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| 2 | Structure and classification of macromolecules: Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids. Enzymes: Introduction, classification, activation energy, enzyme kinetics, kinetic parameters, catalytic efficiency, activity units, turnover number. Methods of plotting enzyme kinetics data: Lineweaver –Burk plot, Michaelis Menten equation, saturation kinetics. Isozymes, ribozymes and abzyme, Enzyme inhibition, models and type of inhibition, allosterism and allosteric regulation. |
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| 3 | Nitrogen metabolism: Inorganic nitrogen assimilation- nitrate and ammonia assimilation, regulation of glutamate synthetase, General reaction of amino acid and Stickland reaction. Glutathione: distribution in bacteria, biosynthesis and role in redox regulation. Outline of amino acid biosynthesis, urea cycle, protein utilization. Metabolism of lipids and nucleotides: Biosynthesis and degradation of lipids and its regulation in E. coli, lipid accumulation in yeast. Purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, deoxyribonucleotide synthesis, regulation of purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, inhibitors of nucleotide biosynthesis. |
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| 4 | Central Metabolic Pathways and Regulation: Metabolites-primary, secondary and precursor. Glycolysis and its regulation, Gluconeogenesis, Pentose-Phosphate Pathway, Entner-Doudoroff Pathway, Citric Acid Cycle, alternate TCA, Glyoxylate Pathway and its regulation. CO2 fixation, Examples of pathway engineering of carbon metabolic pathways to develop industrial useful strains: Co-metabolism of pentoses and hexoses, Succinic and citric acid production. Anoxygenic and oxygenic photosynthesis. Brief account of chemolithotrophy - Sulphur,iron and hydrogen oxidation, nitrification and methanogenesis. | |
