Syllabus
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Course Code: MMB-101 Course Name: Microbial World |
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| MODULE NO / UNIT | COURSE SYLLABUS CONTENTS OF MODULE | NOTES |
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| 1 | History, development and scope of microbiology: Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellular organisation. Simple staining and Gram staining techniques of bacteria. Brief account of general methods of classifying the bacteria. Whittaker’s five kingdom concept. Morphological features and arrangement of bacterial cells: Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; Extracellular appendages: flagella- arrangement, basic structure and locomotive function; pili- different types, their distribution among bacteria & related functions; fimbriae- occurrence, function and features distinguishing pili and fimbriae; glycocalyx- composition and role in bacteria; and capsule- microcapsule and slime. Reserve food, pure culture, culture characteristics, isolation; media; maintenance and preservation |
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| 2 | General characteristics: archaea cell, actinomycetes, rickettsia & chlamydia, mycoplasma, spirochetes. Bacterial cell wall & cell membrane: Detailed structure of gram negative and gram positive bacterial cell wall, outer membrane lipopolysaccharide (LPS), protoplasts, sphaeroplasts, peptidoglycan sysnthesis, L-forms, cell wall synthesis and its inhibitors including different antibiotics; periplasm; molecular and chemical structure of cell membrane; cytoskeleton including tubulin and actin structural filaments and their role in bacteria. General characteristics of archaea; how archea are different from eubacteria; key features of model archaeal organisms: Halobacterium; Pyrococcus; Sulfolobus; and Methanococcus. Bergey’s manual and its importance in classification. |
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| 3 | Control of microorganisms: physical and chemical methods – Dry heat, moist heat, radiations, osmotic pressure, filtration methods; chemical methods - characteristics of an ideal antimicrobial chemical agent, phenols, alcohols, quaternary ammonium compounds, halogens, heavy metals and their compounds, aldehydes, ethylene oxide and their application. Antibiotic susceptibility testing. Mode of action of antibiotics - cephalosporin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, polymyxin B, sulphonamides. Antimicrobial drug resistance - Mechanism and spread. |
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| 4 | Fungi- Characteristics and classification of fungi. Kirk et al. system of classification. Modes of Reproduction in fungi. Fungi as saprotrophs & their role in decomposition in cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin. Algae- Structure, nutrition and Reproduction in algae. Distribution and classification of algae. Economic importance of Algae as food, Source of agar-agar, alginate, diatomite and iodine etc, antibiotics from algae, use in fisheries and malaria control, as pollution indicator. Algae as photobioreactor. Protozoa- Morphology, reproduction, modes of nutrition, modes of transmission, locomotory organelles, encystment, excystment. |
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